Alcohol Market Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Alcohol Market - Assignment Example Traditions are notoriously difficult to break within an culture, especially those that are associated with good times, excitement and an escape from the more somber aspects of life. The market is also influence by the fact that a tee-totaler is often regarded with a mixture of suspicion and derision by the very customers that would need to buy NAB/LAB. A person who does not drink alcohol is seen as someone who will lessen the jovial spirit at any social gathering. A sober person among the drunk is somewhat out of place. The drinking people feel it and that person is often not welcome. Kaliber overcame this in a number of ways. First, it was produced by Guinness corporation, which is associated with one of the most famous beers in the world. Thus there was at least a chance this NAB would stand a chance of at least being considered. Second, the choice of a Billy Connolly as a spokesperson was an attempt to transform the idea that non-alcoholic drinks are "not fun" into the idea that one could indeed have a good time while drinking them. Connolly's public image was one of the drunken Scotsman, a near out-of-control comedian who lived a legendary wild life of debauchery. This was an attempt to overcome the most basic and overriding problem that Kaliber faced: that non-alcoholic drinks are somehow less macho and/or feminine than alcoholic drinks. A perhaps disarming, but in hindsight brilliant move was to have Connolly talk about the beer in a serious manner. His deadpan delivery of the advert was not expected, but in a sense placed the beer as a "straight man" to the funny man of alcoholic beer. By the straight man is just as much part of the entertainment within a comedy routine, and by association, a NAB such as Kaliber could be part of the overall, happy social experience of a pub. The idea was to suggest that alcohol is not the defining factor, but rather the sociability and conviviality of the drinking situation. The choice of Billy Connolly as a spokesman personified this idea. Why did Guinness and the agency then feel it was necessary to reposition the Kaliber brand The basic reason for the repositioning of Kaliber was that, while the market was growing and Kaliber had a 30% share of that market, but by 1989 the market had stagnated and it appeared that low alcohol beers would become dominant as the public perceived them as tasting better and also that they were easier to brew. The Kaliber brand needed to be repositioned because it was in danger of losing its leadership position, not because of any particular weaknesses within the product itself, but because of the changing fortunes of the NAB versus LAB dynamic in general. How successful was the campaign The campaign involved Connolly in sober tones stating that you could drink as much NAB as you liked, but that LAB could get you drunk, with all the bad possibilities thus appearing. The results were startling and overwhelming positive. Thus awareness of Kaliber as an alcohol-free brand rose from 40% to 70%, and preference for NAB in general over LAB in general grew from 39% to 52%. As the case study states, "between July 1989 and the end of 1990, Kaliber's share grew from 12% to 20%." Again, the campaign itself was effected by

8 Steps of an Advertising Campaign Essay Example for Free

8 Steps of an Advertising Campaign Essay Here are eight steps you can follow to keep your advertising campaign on track and successful: Market research: Before you even start thinking about where you might want to place an ad or even what it could look like, it’s important to do at least some basic research. Even if you aren’t in a position to bring in an expensive research firm, you can ask your current customers questions about why they come back to you, as well as taking a close look at your target demographic’s needs and interests. Budgeting: Your business probably has a set advertising budget for the year — but how do you divvy it up between your various advertising projects? For each project you’re planning, you need to be clear on just how much money you’re willing to spend. You’ll almost certainly change exactly how you divide it between costs like copy writing and design, but you can treat the overall amount as set in stone. Write it down and put it in your project folder. Setting goals: The aims you have in mind for a particular advertising project need to be written down ahead of time. While it’s good to be ambitious, it’s also important to decide what constitutes a successful advertising campaign for your business. Sales can be the simplest metric: if you’re advertising a particular product, how many units will you need to sell to pay for that campaign? Advertising venue: The website, tv station, newspaper, radio station, magazine or other advertising venue you place your ad with is a crucial decision. You’ll need to look at not only the cost of your preferred venues but also whether they reach your target demographic. Ad buys can make up a significant portion of your budget. Deciding on where you will place your ads first tells you how much money you’ll have left over for actually creating your ad. Choosing creatives: Unless you’re planning to write, shoot and design every part of your ad, you’ll probaably need to bring in some help. Finding the right freelancers for each aspect requires checking through portfolios and rates — if you can find a business or freelancer who can handle all aspects of creating your ad, even if that means subcontracting, it can save you a lot of time. You’ll also want to make sure that you find any talent you’ll need for your ad (voice actors for radio, models for photography and so on). Design and wording: While you may not have a lot of actual writing and designing to do for your ad, during the creation process you will need to review and sign off on different stages of the project. When starting with a new designer or other creative, make sure that you both know any expectations for timelines and progress checks. Placing the ad: Once you have a finished ad in hand, it’s time to actually place it with your preferred advertising venue. You may have a few contracts to sign and a check to hand over. You’ll also want to make sure you actually see your ad once it’s run — from a newspaper, for instance, you’ll want to see the tear sheets of pages containing your ad. Evaluation: Depending on your ad, how you evaluate it can vary. If it included a coupon, for instance, you can simply count how many customers brought in the coupon. For other ads, you may be simply comparing sales before, during and after your advertising campaign. Spend as much time on analyzing how your advertising campaign worked as you can. That information can point you to more effective uses of advertising in the future. While following such a set process may seem like it would stifle the creativity necessary to put together a new ad, following these steps can actually make it easier. You can minimize confusion and make sure that everyone is meeting the necessary deadlines — and you can ensure that you’ll be able to measure your ad’s actual cost and responses during each step. You’ll be better equipped to tweak your ad or move it to another publication in the future.

Further Study Local Or Abroad Education Essay

Further Study Local Or Abroad Education Essay According to our topic, further study local or abroad, journal by Mazzarol. T. and Soutar G. N. explain in detail, why we are choosing this topic, demand for education particularly higher educational, has traditional been driven expectation of its ability to raise the economic and social status of the graduate. For people in less development country limited access to education in their own country lead to a significant rise in the number of international student studying oversea. Between 1960 and 1970, the average growth in the inernational students flows was around 9 percent, and continued about 6 percent from 1970 to 1980 (Hughes, 1988). While there is some evidence of a slowing in the overall flow of international students during the 1980s and 1990s (Kemp, 1995), a global industry has been created. The global pattern of international flows may be experience by a combination of push and pull factors that encourage to study eversea. Push factors operate within the source country and initiate a students decision to undertake international study. Pull factors operate within a host country to make that country relatively attract to international students. Some of these factors are inherent in the source country, some in the host contry and other in the students themselves. In the other hand, Bakalis S. and Joiner T. A. (2004) said, encouraging students to undertake part of their study abroad is likely to not only enhance a students employability but also assist in developing important life skills. Plus, also identify some of the factors that may be associated with students participation in tertiary study abroad programmes, by investigating some of the reasons that may be explain the absence of a strong culture that values international study experiences. Againts this background, note that previous studies attempting to explain the participation of students in study abroad programmes have not considered the difference in personality dimensions of students participate, and those who do not. They argue that students who have personalities characterized by perceptivity to diversify and change are more likely to participate in an exchange programme compared who do not participate. Conclusion, this two authors give us brief description about why we are choosing this topic, study local or abroad and what might be the factors and the reasons for the students to continue study abroad or stay in their home country. As our own, we discovered that culture, cost and employer perception will be another factors that attibute to the decision to further study local or abroad. Problem Statement Recent trends have seen an upward surge in the number of students further study outside of their country. This research is to determine the specific factors that influence study abroad decisions by students. Beside, this research is done to discover which one is better,pursuing inside or outside of the country. Statistical analysis will indicate the decision to participate is influenced by several factors. The research will also discover the effects of a study abroad programme on students in term of personal growth and career development. Not even that, it also touch on the cost involve as the students decide to further study outside of their own country. By this study, the student will be able to experience on how to interact with the foreignersand it will directly affect their future career in what ever directions. The research will find out, does personal growth in term of emotional maturity, empathy, flexibility is one of the factor that student will consider and do this factor r eally benefits them. In addition, this research is to discover whether students will get intelectual development in term of critical thinking, problem solving, when they are in the foreign country. The research will find out whether the study abroad programme improve their cultural understanding or they want to improve their career prospects, or they are pursuing study outside their regional country because of joining their friends which also participate in such programmes. Furthermore, this study will also discovered that if the students participate in study abroad programme,whether it shows any significant difference in global perspective and cross cultural cosmopolitanism. Based on the  Open Doors 2009, the international student annual mobility report issued by the US Embassy in year 2008, there was a 9.5% increase in the number of Malaysian students who enrolled in the United States, up from 5,428 students in the 2007/08 academic year. In year 2009 worldwide  Open Doors  report shows that the total number of international students at colleges and universities in the United States increased by 8% to an all time high of 671,616 for the 2008/09 academic year. Moreover, Malaysia is ranked as 21st among other countries sending students to the United States with 5,942 having enrolled for the 2008/09 academic. This show United States remained a top destination for Malaysian students who wanted to study abroad due to the quality and prestige associated with an American degree. Research Objective 1.2.1 To determine the most important factor that effects their decision to study abroad or locally. 1.2.2 To determine the least important factor that effect their decision. 1.2.3 To examine the relationship between the factor and the decision to further study abroad or local. 1.3 Scope of The Research The title of the research is further studylocally or abroad, which one is better. Therefore, our respondent of this research is among UiTM students. The dependent variable for our research is culture, cost and employer perception. Besides, the independant variable is further study local or abroad. 1.4 Significant of The Research The important of the research to the study is, it helps the student to see the pros and contras of furthering study abroad or local. In addition, the students are able to make a right decision whether to go for abroad or local. The importance of the research to the university is, the university can identify the best factor that influenced the students decisions on furthering studyabroad or local. It will also allow a university to know whether they provide with a good service to studentscompare on what international students expects from them. The important of the research to the country is, it helps the country to know whether most of the students chose to go for abroad or locally. It also helps the country to know what is the most important reason that influences the students decision. Moreover, it also helps the country to know whether the level is on the same league with other country. 1.5 Key Term/ Concepts 1.5.1 Further:Contribute to the progress or growth of 1.5.2 Study:To apply ones mind purposefully to the acquisition of knowlegde or understanding of (a subject). 1.5.3 Abroad:A foreign country or country in which to live or travel(John le Carrà ©) 1.5.4 Local:Relating to a city, town, or district rather than a larger area which is not broad or general. CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW 2.0 Introduction This chapter provides a review of the literature on the topic Further Study Abroad or Locally. Section 2.1 explain on the and benefits and advantages of studying abroad. Section 2.2 is on Factor Influence Study Abroad. Section 2.3 is about barriers study abroad. On the other hand section 2.4 explain on advantages and benefit studying locally. Section 2.5 about barriers studying locally and lastly section 2.6 explain factor influence study locally. Section 2.7 provide the conceptual framework. Finally 2.8 is identifies the Hypotesis of the study. 2.1 Literature Riview 2.1.1 Benefits and Advantages of Studying Abroad According to Chesterton G. K. (1986), the journal is about the benefit a student can expect from joining a study abroad programme. The teaching style in the classroom will be different, so the student will be forced to develop their own ability to learn. The lifestyle and social rhythm within the walls of the university or educational center will be different, forcing the student to expand their social skills in order to get assistance from tutors, teachers assistants, school staff, classmates, as well as to make friends among their peers. While the students personal development will pay dividends immediately after their return in the form of higher social standing, and increased scholastic productivity from their improved cognition, the student will also derive much benefit from the expansion of their communication abilities later. They will develop their character and achieve a new degree of self-reliance. It is important to note that while cultural exploration goes far beyond loca ting foreign counterparts, and extends deeper into matters of language usage, the arts, social relationships, alien religious observance and geopolitics will produce an impossible to remove impression on ones character and a lasting sense of self-confidence. In conclusion, the student can get lot of benefit by furthering abroad. According to Hammer M. R. (1997), the journal is about culture and benefit that student get when they choose to further abroad. Choosing to go for abroad give they access to intercultural competence, knowledge of other cultures an awareness of the dignity and worth of every human being plus respect for cultural differences. Furthermore, it increases their intercultural friendships as the time spent with people from other cultures upon their return to their own country are more. Significantly it lowers their level of anxiety or discomfort around other cultures, and leads to a significant increase in intercultural competence, especially for students who began the program with a polarized view of other cultures. Next, the benefit is foreign-language speaking ability anxiety around other cultures and the social networks. In addition, they gain the ability to act as a responsible global citizen increase in students knowledge of the host culture, moves students forward dramatically in thei r spoken fluency in the host countrys language. In conclusion, the student will learn lot about culture and gain some benefit from it. According to Dwyer M. M. (1999), the journal is about benefit of study abroad. Furthering abroad good in term of personal growth, 97 percent said studying abroad served as a catalyst for increased maturity, 96 percent reported increased self-confidence, 89 percent said that it enabled them to tolerate ambiguity, and 95 percent stated that it has had a lasting impact on their world view. Findings also show that study abroad leads to long-lasting friendships with other. In addition it give intercultural development, 98 percent of respondents said that study abroad helped them to better understand their own cultural values and biases, and 82 percent replied that study abroad contributed to their developing a more sophisticated way of looking at the world. The experience of living and studying in another country was so eye-opening. Lastly study abroad ignited interest in a career direction pursued after the experience, compared to 60 percent of non-intern respondents. In addition, 83 per cent said that it allowed them to acquire skill sets that influenced their career path, compared to 75 percent who did not intern. In conclusion, students choose to further abroad for better understanding their own culture value. According to Peters C. K. (2000), the journal is about competitive advantages.Competitive advantages over students who never venture abroad to study, including improved foreign language skills and a more cosmopolitan. Furthermore, they gain international perspective plus greater tolerance for other opinions and ability to think more originally. In addition, they see more than one perspective on an issue, greater self-reliance and self-confidence plus more comfort with complex situations. In conclusion, there are advantages and disadvantages of furthering abroad. According to Yu A. H. et. al (2004), modelling the effects of the study abroad programs om college students. Studya abroad programs facilitate improvement in five education outcomes, learning, culture immersions, personal growth, foreign interaction and career development. Plus, they also believe foreign environment helps students learn how to cope with phsychological and physical changes . In conclusion , the implications is languange learning effects, the focus of much research on study abroad outcomes are not the only significant results from such programs yet cultural immersion and carrer advancement should be more focusing on. According to Dwyer M. M. (2002), the journal is about conventional wisdom in the study abroad field has held that more is better; that is, the longer students study abroad the more significant the academic, cultural development and personal growth benefits that accrue. The study was designed to measure the longitudinal correlations between specific program features language study, housing choice, duration of study, enrollment in foreign university courses, participation in an internship or field study, among others and a variety of student outcomes. Long-held beliefs that studying abroad for a full year has more significant and enduring impact on students were supported by the data of this study. While it has been long believed that study abroad changes peoples lives, little evidence exists to explain what kinds of tangible changes occur and for how long. This study shows that study abroad has a significant impact on students in the areas of continued language use, academic attainmen t measures, intercultural and personal development, and career choices. In conclusion, the age-old premise that more is better holds true when it comes to the duration of a study abroad experien. According to Farrell P. and Suvedi M. (2002), studying abroad in Nepal, understanding impact on students lives. The valued outcome of study abroad is to help the individual acquire a deep understanding of another culture, and to begin appreciate and develop empathy for people who are different, plus there will be an impact on the intellectual, international perspectives, cross-cultural interest and personal development students.They also revealed three areas of significance, language proficiency appeared to increase substantially, a greater interest in international affairs and a large increase in their level of knowledge about the host country. Finally , students study abroad will experience higher level of self-confidence and sociability , also they will learning about cultural sensitivity, social and professional polish , wider personal horizons and improved career opportunities for students. They believe students who adapted quickly to new people , places and situations, were abl e to communicate and think critically. According to Wang B.C.Y and Bu.N. (2003) attitudes toward international careers among male and female Canadian business students after 9-11. The advantages of study abroad are personal growth , exciting new life experiences and travel opportunities , plus , family factor appears to weigh more in education decisions. In conclusion , students who have at least one of their parents travelling internationally for work are more likely want to study outside from their country , next, the more languages they can speak, the more likely they thinking about study abroad because they confidence in their ability to interact effectively in foreign environments . Lastly, students who have foreign friends are also interested in study abroad than who do not, this might be because socializing with them can be a various learning experience which increases curiosity toward foreign culture and decrease anxiety about them. According to Sheila J. Curran (2007), why must need to student further study abroad and it is a way to gain critical career advantage for each individual itself. There are multiple benefits accrue to those who spend significant time in another country and also a significant proportion of students see the experience as an important part of their college. Everybody knows student likely to have fun, but when we think about study abroad as a way to gain critical advantage we will find that all foreign experiences are not created equal in the minds of employer. Therefore, employer were looking for graduate who can communication as well as writing, know the important of cross cultural understanding and an appreciation for different point of view and also it make student gravitated in demonstrate maturity, initiative, and creativity. According to S. Chan (2009). Further study abroad is not learning alone but the total experience that lures our student to foreign shores. In 2009, statistics review that there are already 23000 Malaysian students currently studying in Australian institutions of higher learning, over 13000 in the United Kingdom (UK) and another 6000 students in the US. There are biggest reasons for going overseas to complete their tertiary education is to enhance their employability prospect. In the other hand, going overseas may help a student built his self-confidence. The multinational companies also may prefer candidates from foreign universities who had perception that student exposed to different nationalities and cultures and also there better communication, interpersonal skill and enabling them to cope better in a matrix organization. According to Ingraham. P. (2004) the journal is about the idea that study abroad is deeply beneficial and important for undergraduate students. However there is a relative scarcity of systematically gathered qualitative and quantitative information that assesses the impact of study abroad. In their study, they have outlined six goals for studying abroad including to facilitate students intellectual growth, contribute to students professional development, accelerate students personal growth, develop students skills for relating to culturally different others, enhance students self-awareness and understanding of their own culture and also contribute to the internationalization of the students home department, college, or university. Other than that, they also discussed that studying abroad to have an impact on students intellectual growth (including both academic performance and language learning), personal growth, intercultural awareness, and professional development. In conclusion, t he research should help to understand the type and amount of learning that takes place in study abroad. According to Tammy O. (2004), the journal is about advantages of study abroad in term of career goal. Some choose to go abroad to increased interpersonal skills and a broadened understanding of international business practices. It also because employers view study abroad favorably and believe study abroad experiences develops highly-desirable skills for career advancement. People believe having a study abroad experience is beneficial in increasing ones career opportunities. In addition, employers consider interpersonal skills the most important qualification for a potential job candidate this study assumes that a positive study abroad experience will lead towards a favorable international dimension in a given career. These dimensions would include a positive outlook on working in an international capacity plus the development of skills useful to international business, and entry into a career with international involvement. In conclusion, students believe that study abroad experience is beneficial to them in term of career opportunity. According to Ozturgut O. (2007), the journal is about benefits of studying abroad for students in higher education. The benefits were discussed in three different categories. First one is Knowledge Transfer where knowledge in normal disciplines is more frequently and rapidly transferred from one country. Second, International Education and Research provides an understanding of different cultures regarding their socio-cultural, political, economic, and educational systems. Third benefit is Border-crossing communication and discourse where learning and research in an international setting is one way of experiencing different views, which will then broaden ones horizon and promote global perspectives as a leap forward in students developing critical and reflective thinking skills. In the article, he also cited from Carlson et al. (1991) that the students participate in study abroad programs to improve their cultural understanding and to improve their career prospects. Other than that, v arious academic, financial, and other personal reasons affecting the number of students participating in study abroad programs and their choice of target country were also discussed in the article. All in all, it is explained through this study that study abroad programs have benefits to both institutions and individuals. According to the Bott J.P. (2008), the journal is about benefit of furtheringabroad to humanity. Students studying abroad put a positive face on the nation. The student will recognize that they are in fact an representative representing their home country and should act accordingly, Even if the student does not have any understanding of the foreign policy or pop culture and cannot answer questions well, it is only natural that they very presence abroad will have a humanizing effect and lead to a more favorable impression of their country provided they are respectful of, and interested in the host country, its people and customs. The student has the opportunity to create lasting good will by showing similar respect in return, because such accord is rarely exchanged between members of differing castes or status within those societies. The cumulative effect of such good will, leads to further exchanges of ideas, trade and peace. Students studying abroad tend to carry with them youthful idealism and will tend to speak out against injustices and violations of their mores. In conclusion, furthering abroad give big impact to the student original country. According to Gonyea R.M. (2008) the impact of study abroad on senior year engagement . Students who study abroad expect to expand their perspectives on world affairs, understand diverse cultures, acquire languages and gain maturity and self-awareness. The effects of study abroad will be increased interest in global issues, better skills in other languages and personal growth such as independence, social confidence, sensitivity toward people from other countries and more interested and self-assurance in continuing global travel . They also believed that study abroad program are often constructed and assessed . Plus , students with higher grades, better educated parents and strong engagement in the first year of college are more likely to participate in study abroad . In conclusion, those who participated in study abroad program significantly higher levels of engagement in two forms of deep learning(integrative and reflective) and in diversity experiences . Study abroad participants al so reported more gains in personal and social development than their peers . Based on The Star dated on 23rd October 2010 by Eugene Mahalingam, the news is about studying abroad versus locally. Choosing study abroad has its own benefits and disadvantage. Studying abroad requires a huge financial support because most of the country in the oversee cost of living is higher compare in Malaysia. Foreign graduates are more expert in English and have better thinking skills. They are more mature and independentthan local graduates. On the good side student with foreign qualification are more preferable among the employer compare student with the local qualification. Moreover the education standard offered in overseas is far better because education concept in Malaysia more towards academically-driven. According to Lisa C. (2004), the journal is about global awareness . It was defined by four categories which intercultural awareness is about students in the abroad group were generally more aware than their peers at home of varying national and cultural perspectives. For personal growth and development, students abroad reported developing a greater appreciation for the arts than those on campus. In addition, the awareness of global interdependence was about those who travel may develop greater sensitivity towards other world-views. Lastly is functional knowledge of world geography and language is about daily challenge of trying to communicate in an environment where they were at a distinct verbal disadvantage. In conclusion, the students who spent the month abroad were more confident in their levels intercultural awareness and functional knowledge than their peers who remained on campus. News from Bernama dated Dec. 21, 2012, stated that Malaysians Government will handle the programme to Malaysian student who study abroad to expert in their mother language. The programe would be held on during semester break in cities referring to region and continent, said by Dr. AwangSariyan. The collaboration with KPM establish syllabus where bring benefit as well as advantages gained from the programme. This would ensure Malaysian student did not outdate to learn basic and advanced knowledge and information which regards to the mother tongue. Besides that, the planning already approved and currently update by Deputy Prime Minister, Tan Sri MuhyiddinYassin. Therefore, Malaysian students are able to enhance their knowledge which regards to national language. 2.1.2 Factor Influence Study Abroad According to Aminuddin Mohsin (2011) Private Company was allocated RM 8.13 mil for its scholarship programme for this year. This can be conclude as factor that influence individual itself to continue studies, whether locally or abroad which is scholarship given. The private company which is Maxis recognized that, it is importance to them further studies where education is the most important to develop human capital and factor of culture, technology and innovation we will easy to adapt then.Morever, while the company focusing in given scholarship there directly support our government in helping eligible individual gain access to their tertiary education. According to Mazzarol T. and Soutar G. N. (2001), push-pull factors influencing international student destination choice . For people in less develop countries, limited access to education in their own countries led to significant rise in the number of international students studying overseas. Other factors influencing the selection of a country study destination have been a commonality of language, the availability of science and technology-based programs and the geographic proximity of the home and host countries. In conclusion, other factors that motivating the student of their decision to study abroad are personal recommendations, cost issues, the environment , social links and overseas course was better than local plus the local environment also influences the attractiveness of a host country. News from Bernama dated Dec 11, 2012 which attracts Malaysian students to study abroad is Indias Government provide financial scheme in academic year 2013-2014(Study offer in India under self-financing scheme, 2012 ). This be very attractive news where Malaysian student able to study abroad with help from Indias Government. The news will give opportunities to candidates who interested to further study in medicine, dentist, pharmacy and engineering. Application form can be obtains directly to Level 28, Menara 1, MontKiara. For further information and enquires can be through official website Indias Government. The information include course related, duration of each courses, expenses incurred, flight schedule, and etc. the application form need to be the hands of Indias Government before 31 March. This is because the form will take another 6 month before the result will out. There are many stages to process the application form. Therefore, end result only will be out on September 2013. In conclusion, Indias Government provide financial assistant to those who interested further studies there. News dated Oct 10, 2012 from Bernama which related to mechanism that can be reason why wants study abroad. This is because Pahang Chair will provide financial scheme to those interested in programme stated in University of Yarmouk in master and doctorate programme. Recently, Pahang MenteriBesarDatuk Seri Adnan Yaakob made agreement in memorandum of understanding (MoU) with President Prof DrSutan Abu Orabi in Amman. IKIP International College who owned by Pahang Foundation make another one step ahead compared to other colleges, where made agreement with universities from oversea. With this, IKIP International College will be known to other countries and make the colleges level same as other oversea universities. Besides that, this be place where can interchange information and knowledge with others. Also can generate new ideas and bring improvement to Malaysia when the respected student coming back their hometown. The student not only knows culture there as well as lifestyle that adop ted here. Cross culture can happened with or without notice about it. The relationship can increase the level of understanding each other. In conclusion, financial scheme provided by Pahang Chair give benefits to students in many ways. Accorrding to Nattavud P.(2003), the choices of international education were investigate in order to improve marketing strategies. Interpersonal influence and recommendation from family members are among the important sources of information and encouragement for complicated services like international education. The flows of students internationally result from a combination of push and pull factors. There are four basic choices prior to studying abroad which is the choice of country, city, academic course and of university. The studies indicated the chronological order of choice of country, city, academic course and then university. Otherwise, there are five factor familial influencing factors which is finance, information, expectation, competition and persuasion on choices of international education. All of five choices of international education, familial influencing factors have stronger impact on the decision to study abroad, choice of country and city than choice of academic pr ogram and university. The study conclude that the different level of education perceived the influence of the family in the different way and the need for international education and the decision-making process of each group of student are dissimilar. According to Gray B. J. (2003), the journal is about five main brand positioning dimensions which are environment, reputation, graduate career prospect, destination image and cultural integration. This positioning dimension can be summarized as a universitys learning environment which talk about excellent staff, facilities and research resources while the reputation is about the brand name, achievements and high standard of education that student can get. Next, graduate career prospects will talk about graduates employment prospects and expected income that the student might get as a student that graduate from that university and employers views of that university graduates. In addition destination image also is one of the reasons of making a decision, which it covers, political stability, safety and hospitality. Lastly, student will consider cultural integration where it related to religious freedom and cultural diversity. This is to ensure that they can adapt with that place. In co nclusion, these five main brand positioning dimensions give big impact on student decision. According to Bakalis S. and Joiner T. A. (2004), the participation in tertiary study abroad programs, the role of personality. The main obstacle apart from cost which been menti

Female Juvenile Delinquency in Canada Essay -- Criminal Justice Essays

Female Juvenile Delinquency in Canada   The punishment for girls was much more harsh in the early days of Canada’s history when crime was seen as an intolerable part of town life.   Young girls of age thirteen and fourteen were often hanged for theft in the mid to late 17th century Quebec or put in detention centres (usually a hospital) for as much as six years at a time (Carrigan 8).   Age was sometimes taken into consideration for serious crimes and so whipping and branding was used instead of execution.   The practise in Halifax in 1815 was to whip a girl thirty-nine times at the community whipping post (Carrigan 37).   The most common problem among girls during this time and in the following years was prostitution and theft among young girls (Carrigan 23). Moving into more modern times, crime rates among young girls continue to increase.   From 1974 to 1993, crime went up about 6% among girls for all offences (Carrigan 203).   Prostitution, again, is a huge concern with girls as young as eleven years old participating and statistics such as 5,000 to 10,000 girls across Canada engaging in this form of deviance (Carrigan 186). Crimes that have been classed as particularly â€Å"male† crimes are now being committed more and more by females.   These crimes include drug abuse, robbery, assault with a deadly weapon, and murder.   Girls also resort to punching, kicking, cutting off another girl’s hair, and burning with a cigarette as forms of assault (Carrigan 186-188).   The 1990’s has also seen the rise of female gangs, especially in the Toronto area.   Girls are seen as just as violent as boys and showing as little remorse.   Membership attitude is less rigid since members can come and go as they please, and often include bored, wealt... ... therapy session.   Individual counselling was also available.   Group homes turned out to be a more successful rehabilitation device than training schools.   The coming of the Young Offenders Act brought about the building of new facilities called detention centres in Canada.   The goals of these centres are to increase the offenders’ understanding of his/her behaviour, to improve their ability to control their behaviour, to promote interpersonal skills, and to provide for academic and vocational skills to build self-esteem and to provide access to employment once released (Carrigan 245).   The Nova Scotia Youth Centre in Waterville is the closest detention centre in the area and it can house 120 males and females.   It opened in July of 1988. Reference Carrigan, D. Owen.   Juvenile Delinquency in Canada: A History. Irwin Publishing, Concord, Ontario, 1998.

Business books have changed Essay

One of the more concrete evidences that businesses have changed is the way business books were written. Authors of books update themselves on current business trends, and often include new knowledge that can help the businessmen improve their craft and industries. The latest addition to business books by the turn of the 20th century is the wide discussion of technology and technological innovations. This aimed at educating then-businessmen about the digital revolution who, chances are, have not been formally trained yet on the new innovations. (Craiger JP 2006). This change in business books directly affects the way in which business people served their workplaces. They were refreshed and fed with new information that helped them go a step higher into their management. In turn, they helped move up the companies which they serve. The generation of new information enforced an equally new generation of managers, employees, and business movers that changed the face of businesses. Cost-efficiency paved the way for technology Another change in organizations brought about by technology is in the financial aspect. Businesses started to adopt newer technology and bought sophisticated machines because it lowered production costs. Computers, for one, are so effective and efficient that it allowed computation, clerical work, bookkeeping, and other functions to be done by one person—the computer operator—which proved to be more cost-effective rather than hiring three or more persons to manually do the work separately. (Craiger JP 2006) This is true even if in fact computers, when the digital revolution is just starting, costs thousands or even hundreds of thousands for companies to invest on. Companies were thinking long-term. Comparisons between paying different people for different jobs or paying one person to operate a machine which can do different jobs proved that the latter will benefit the organizations more. Despite the high costs the promise of productivity, accuracy, and efficiency was too hard for capitalists to resist, plus the fact that the use of technology brings prestige to the company. Thus, technology and business became an inseparable pair. More sensitivity to customers Different organizations receive and use technology differently. For news organizations such as the CNN, technology is widely of the essence than anything else. But the use of technology in CNN is not a corporate decision alone. As successful media outfits would say, it is still consumer-dependent after all. Because consumers want to get services conveniently, in a way that is readily accessible to them, organizations like CNN subscribe to technological innovations that answer these consumer calls. There is the technology of television, radio, print materials, internet, and even podcasting. These embrace to technology for an industry as old as news is not surprising. The news world, just like any other organizations, is growing more competitive, and companies will need to leverage on these new forms of getting in touch and connecting with the customers, or they will simply lose them. (D’Agostino D, 2006) The interactivity of organizations also gave convenience to customers, and allowed companies to get to know their clients more. Feedback has never been easier. Today, a company can give a telephone number, a toll-free number, an email address, or a fax number to encourage customers to tell them what they think about their product or service. More so, companies can accept orders for their products or inquiries for their services through these innovations as well. The convenience that this brought about is far from the snail-mail feedback system that companies used to have in the pre-digital revolution era. This shows one character change in organizations. Today, companies are more sensitive to the needs and wants of consumers than ever before. With the fast pace in which customers are keeping up with technology, businesses are also on the run to match the speed and not be left behind. In turn, technology also helped company respond to consumer needs and wants more easily. If customers wanted the convenience of getting news from their palm pilots RSS is right at their service. Similarly, when they want information from a product, service, or company without leaving the house, an internet connection is all they need; and when an organization can deliver to this convenience issue they can assure themselves that they are on the right track. Convenience through connectivity Technology is not only for the profit organizations. Even charitable organizations are being benefited by the advent of modern tools and know-how, albeit in simpler ways than their bigger counterparts. Computers and other simple technology allowed charitable institutions to monitor donors, donations, receipt issuances, and find support communities and common causes because of the connectivity that technology brings. (United Press International, 2005) Connectivity also changed the way in which companies and employees communicate. While the isolation of computers and computer operators posed a problem at the onset of technology in companies, the advent of networking allowed for people to get connected and work as teams more easily. Local area networking and internet connectivity allowed for more convenient sharing of information, files, and discussion of projects regardless of their location and time. (Craiger JP 2006) Computer-based trainings also allowed trainers and trainees to undergo sessions without time or geographical constraints. By use of technology in trainings, employees old and new alike are also encouraged subliminally to devote time for learning technological skills to be more productive in their work. (Craiger JP 2006) Another convenience brought about by technology to organizations is the possibility of telecommuting. Thanks to computers and the internet, one can now work from home or from a different location. This also allowed telecommuting employees to go about their other tasks while performing work-related duties, without the time and geographical constraints that normal office work can entail. Work teams One important change that technology brought about is the highlight given on work teams. The connectivity caused by technology allowed employees to exchange and merge ideas, bringing in better ideas that are products of brainstorming. Apart from the benefit it brings to the company, teamwork also encourages goodwill and camaraderie among employees, encouraging them to set themselves into a single goal and work together to achieve this goal for the organization. (Craiger JP 2006) As technology allowed work teams it also allowed for a check and balance in the output of workers. Because employees can give access to their work for others, the time-consuming and money-wasting overlapping and repetitions in jobs done were lessened and even eliminated, saving more resources for employees to devote to other tasks. As an example, in a workplace where there is no technological connectivity one employee-member of a team may have started encoding a document only to find out that another member has already encoded it. This scenario becomes rather unlikely when a company has a structured network where employees can check with files and other employees about work that needs to be done, and those that has already been done. This, in turn, benefited the company more than anything else. The highlight given by technology to the importance of teamwork created a realization for many employees. When on the onset of introducing technology in business the problem was the isolation of the relatively few people who can operate the machines and the isolation of the files in separately stationed machines, networking opened a new frontier where ease of work and interpersonal communication became possible.

When To Use Passive Voice in Your Essays

When To Use Passive Voice in Your Essays When To Use Passive Voice in Your Essays The APA 6th Edition, Section 3.18 mandates that writers use active voice for clarity. Many writers use this type of voice in writing academic papers because it allows the reader to clearly distinguish the subject of the sentence and the action performed. Active voice is usually applied when writers wish to emphasize the â€Å"doer† of an action without confusing the reader. For articles, the active voice is especially useful when the writer wishes to express their stance on a certain debatable topic while allowing the reader to consider a different point of view. While active voice is preferred over passive voice, there are some instances when the passive form can elevate a work’s quality. However, before we include those phrases in our essays, we must first pay close attention to the verb tenses chosen to avoid inconsistencies. Here are some instances on when a writer may opt to use passive voice: When the â€Å"doer† is already introduced. Most writers use the first paragraph of the essay to introduce a topic to the reader. In this section, active voice is preferred as it helps the reader distinguish the doer of the action and any achievements listed thereafter. Once the writer has established the important â€Å"doers† of the essay, the passive voice may be used to add a touch of creativity and prevent the flow of the paper from becoming monotonous. When the doer is unknown. This can be applied to research papers or discoveries whose writers or explorers are unknown.Example: â€Å"Cave paintings that were recently discovered showed the progression of the neolithic people’s way of life.† When the focus is on the action rather than the doer. Passive voice works when we wish to focus on the action as the subject. This is usually used with gerund phrases.Example: â€Å"Drinking coffee has been shown to add multiple benefits for one’s health.† When the focus is on the recipient of the action rather than the doer. The passive voice may be used when the writer wishes to focus on the receiver of the action rather than the doer.Example: â€Å"Tardy employees that were reported by HR management were immediately given a pay reduction.† While the passive voice has been shown to be useful for creative purposes, writers should remember to use these phrases/sentences sparingly. Constant use of passive voice can lead to wordiness and ambiguity, resulting in reader confusion. Writers should carefully examine their work and remove all unnecessary phrases to maintain flow and keep the essay understandable and succinct. in Toronto and Canada specializes in academic papers that meet the standards of most institutions. We also provide editing and proofreading services to help elevate your essay’s impact.

Must-Read Blogs for College Survival

Must-Read Blogs for College Survival This post may look like an ordinary blog list. But it only seems so. In fact, it is not just a blog list. Blogs are not ranked by popularity or information relevance. Neither are they grouped into specific categories. However, be sure that all of these blogs contain the information you will require at some point of your college life. And when you reach that point - youll know where to look for the information you need! So, what we offer you is not a blog list, but rather a powerful college survival tool. The bloggers listed here are doing a great job supplying students with everything necessary - study tricks, tips to survive exams and cope with tasks, help with college adaptation, job opportunities, and brilliant campus life hacks. Study Prof The blog has it all - tips about studying, self development and even making yourself zombie-proof. You will find good videos and infographics here as well. The writing style is interesting, and you dont feel that you are actually reading an educational blog - you entertain while learning something new! studyprof.com/blog Grey Matters: Blog Mathematics and mental games turn out to be fun here. Reading this blog daily you actually risk to become a mathematical ninja! Though the blog is aimed at people more or less connected with math, it would be interesting for anyone who wants to develop logical thinking. headinside.blogspot.com Mind Hacks The blog concentrates more on your brain development rather than regular studying. The point is youd better start taking care of your mental health and broaden your outlook in college, and this blog is the right resource for that. It raises contradictory questions, motivates you to research, makes you think about the crucial issues and exercise your mind every day. mindhacks.com Thank You Brain Learning process and memory are interconnected and inseparable. Thus, the blog focuses on both of these processes, helping you to exercise memory and improve your learning skills. Deep research and practical relevance is what makes blog posts so valuable for the readers. After reading this blog fro a while you really get the insight to our mental processes and memory development. thankyoubrain.blogspot.com Hack College What apps will help you study? What things you have to pack for college? How to travel on a budget? What can make you really a successful student? Time to learn the truth and debunk myths on college life. And thats what HackCollege is living for! Moreover they sre looking for talented students to write for them, so you can not only read about interesting things, but also share interesting things about college life. hackcollege.com That College Kid The blog is overflowing with useful apps, tips, hacks to help you survive freshmen year and go further. You will find instructions on how to save your budget, how to raise your productivity, what classes to choose and what to do with all that education later. In other words, this blog has everything you need to turn from college kid into the college pro. thatcollegekid.com College Times College is not about studying only! It is about drinking, partying, trends in fashion, relationships, and more fun! If you want to take a minute and rest from studying routine - this site is for you. Stay in trend and enjoy life having best time in college collegetimes.com Life After College Is there life after college? Jenny Blake thinks there is, and discovers the opportunities and career prospect for college graduated in her blog. Even if you are a freshmen and there is a long college journey ahead - do not neglect this blog! Knowing what is waiting for you after college, you can start planning your life today and be prepared for the future to come. lifeaftercollege.org/blog Ð ¡ollege Info Geek As soon as you enter the site, it tells you that it will help you upgrade your college experience. Innovations, tips to make your college life easier, mistakes to avoid and geekery of course - thats what you should expect from the blog. collegeinfogeek.com/blog The College Solution Thats the resource you should read as a student and offer your parents to read as well. It offers practical solutions on different problems and issues that may appear in college. You will find answers on frequently asked questions concerning college admissions, campus life, studying abroad and much more. Perfect resource for freshmen! thecollegesolution.com Scott H Young When a writer, a programmer and a traveler (being all one person) starts a blog, it definitely has a lot to share with audience. And its not only about studying. Its about life experience in general. If you are young, active and enthusiastic you should definitely start reading this blog and sharing your ideas with the author. scotthyoung.com Cal Newport The author of books How to Become a Straight-A Student and How to Win at College definitely knows some secrets of college life, and he is eager to share them with you on his blog. The articles are thought provoking, and include deep investigation of the problems they cover. This is definitely the resource you can rely on concerning time management and planning, setting goals, proof reading, productivity and much more. calnewport.com Teen College Education Great source for students at every stage of college!Starting from freshmen and students-to-be, as it contains a lot of tips on choosing college and majors, analyzing college rankings, passing SAT, surviving college interview, and preparing for the big first day. And finishing with graduates who will find career opportunities, MBA tips, and ideas on what you can do with your university degree. The will literally guide you through the whole education process making it smooth and simple. teencollegeeducation.org Honest College Tons of free information on job search, studying abroad, travelling while college and tricks to make your college life easier. All tips are tested with time and experience and shared by the author and numerous student contributions. What can be better than real working advice straight from the students mouth? honestcollege.com SayCampusLife The last but not the least (and one of the most powerful) source of college tips. Posts are neatly divided into categories - sport, study tips, financial aid, budgeting - so youll easily find your way here. saycampuslife.com